Литература

Adolfsson J., Mansson R., Buza-Vidas N., Hultquist A., Liuba K., Jensen C.T., Bryder D., Yang L., Borge O.J., Thoren L.A.M., et al., 2005. Identification of Flt3⁺ lymph0myeloid stem cells lacking erythromegakaryocytic potential: A revised road map for adult blood lineage commitment. Cell 121: 295–306.

Akashi K., Traver D., Miyamoto T., and Weissman I.L., 2000. A clono-genic common myeloid progenitor that gives rise to all myeloid lineages. Nature 404: 193–197.

Allman D., Sambandam A., Kim S., Miller J.P., Pagan A., Well D., Meraz A., and Bhandoola A., 2003. Thymopoiesis independent of common lymphoid progenitors. Nature Immunol. 4: 168–174. Bariev N. A., Emelyanov A. V., Castagnino P., Zegerman P., Bannister A.J., Sepulveda M.A., Robert E, Tora L., Kouzarides T., Birshtein B.K., and Berger S.L., 2003. A novel human Ada2 homologue functions with Gcn5 or Brg 1 to coactivate transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23: 6944–6957.

Bassing C.H., Swat W., and Alt E.W., 2002. The mechanism and regulation of chromosomal V(D)J recombination. Cell (suppl.) 109: S45-S55.

Baxter J., Merkenschlager M., and Fisher A.G., 2002. Nuclear organisation and gene expression. Curr Opin. Cell Biol. 14: 372–376.

Baxter J., Sauer S., Peters A., John R., Williams R., Caparros M.L., Arney K., Otte A., Jenuwein T., Merkenschlager M., and Fisher A.G., 2004. Histone hypomethylation is an indicator of epigenetic plasticity in quiescent lymphocytes. EMBO J. 23: 4462–4472.

Bereshchenko O.R., Gu W., and Dalla-Favera R., 2002. Acetylation inactivates the transcriptional repressor BCL6. Nat. Genet. 32: 606–613.

Borland D.J., Wood A.L., Johnston CM., Bunting S.F., Morgan G., Chakalova L., Fraser P.J. and Corcoran A.E., 2004. Antisense inter-genic transcription in V(D)J recombination. Nat. Immunol. 5: 630–637.

Brown K.E., Guest S.S., Smale S.T., Hahm K., Merkenschlager M., and Fisher A.G., 1997. Association of transcriptionally silent genes with Ikaros complexes at centromeric heterochromatin. Cell 91: 845–854.

Busslinger M., 2004. Transcriptional control of early B cell development. Annu- Rev. Immunol 22: 55–79.

Calame K.L., Lin K.I., and Tunyaplin C., 2003. Regulatory mechanisms that determine the development and function of plasma cells. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 21: 205–230.

Chow CM., Georgiou A., Szutorisz H., Maia e Silva A., Pombo A., Barahona I., Dargelos E., Canzonetta C. and Dillon N., 2005. Variant histone H3.3 marks promoters of transcriptionally active genes during mammalian cell division. EMBO Rep. 6: 354–360.

Chowdhury D. and Sen R., 2001. Stepwise activation of the immunoglobulin p heavy chain gene locus. EMBO J., 20: 6394–6403.

Chowdhury D. and Sen R., 2003. Transient IL-7/IL-7R signaling provides a mechanism for feedback inhibition of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangements. Immunity 18: 229–241.

Dakic A., Metcalf D., Di Rago L., Mifsud S., Wu L., and Nutt S.L., 2005. PU.l regulates the commitment of adult hematopoietic progenitors and restricts granulopoiesis./. Exp. Med., 201: 1487–1502.

Delogu A., Schebesta A., Sun Q., Aschenbrenner K., Perlot T., and Busslinger M., 2006 Gene repression by Pax5 in B cells is essential for blood cell homeostasis and is reversed in plasma cells. Immunity 24: 269–281.

Fisher A.G., 2002. Cellular identity and lineage choice. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2: 977–982.

Francis N.J., Kingston R.E., and Woodcock C.L., 2004. Chromatin compaction by a polycomb group protein complex. Science 306: 1574–1577.

Fujita N., Jaye D.L., Geigerman C., Akyildiz A., Mooney M.R., Boss J.M., and Wade P.A., 2004. MTA3 and the Mi-2/NuRD complex regulate cell fate during B lymphocyte differentiation. Cell 119: 75–86.

Fukuda T., Yoshida T., Okada S., Hatano M., Miki T., Ishibashi K., Okabe S., Koseki H., Hirosawa S., Taniguchi M., et al., 1997. Disruption of the Bcl6 gene results in an impaired germinal center formation. /. Exp. Med. 186: 439–448.

Fuxa M., Skok J., Souabni A., Salvagiotto G., Roldan E., and Busslinger M., 2004. Pax5 induces F-fo-Z)/rearrangements and locus contraction of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene. Genes Dev. 18: 411–422.

Goldmit M., Ji Y., Skok J., Roldan E., Jung S., Cedar H., and Bergman Y., 2005. Epigenetic ontogeny of the Ig? locus during B cell development. Nat. Immunol. 6: 198–203.

Goldmit M., Schlissel M., Cedar H., and Bergman Y., 2002. Differential accessibility at the k chain locus plays a role in allelic exclusion. EMBO 7.21: 5255–5261.

Grawunder U., Leu T.M.J., Schatz D.G., Werner A., Rolink A.G., Melchers E, and Winkler T.H., 1995. Down-regulation of RAG1 and RAG2 gene expression in preB cells after functional immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement. Immunity 3: 601–608.

Gyory I., Wu J., Fejer G., Seto E., and Wright K.L., 2004. PRDI-BF1 recruits the histone H3 methyltransferase G9a in transcriptional silencing. Nat. Immunol. 5: 299–308.

Hesslein D.G.T., Pflugh D.L., Chowdhury D., Bothwell A.L.M., Sen R., and Schatz D.G., 2003. Pax5 is required for recombination of transcribed, acetylated, 5’ IgH V gene segments. Genes Dev. 17: 37–42.

Honjo T., Muramatsu M., and Fagarasan S., 2004. AID: How does it aid antibody diversity? Immunity, 20: 659–668.

Horcher M., Souabni A., and Busslinger M., 2001. Pax5/BSAP maintains the identity of B cells in late B lymphopoiesis. Immunity 14: 779–790.

Huynh K.D. and Bardwell V.J., 1998. The BCL-6 POZ domain and other POZ domains interact with the co-repressors N-CoR and SMRT. Oncogene 17: 2473–2484.

Huynh K.D., Fischle W, Verdin E., and Bardwell V.J., 2000. BCoR, a novel corepressor involved in BCL-6 repression. Genes Dev. 14: 1810–1823.

Ikawa T., Kawamoto H., Wright L.Y.T., and Murre C., 2004. Longterm cultured E2A-deficient hematopoietic progenitor cells are pluripotent. Immunity, 20: 349–360.

Jankovic M., Casellas R., Yannoutsos N., Wardemann H., and Nussen-zweig M.C., 2004. RAGs and regulation of autoantibodies, ytow. Rev. Immunol. 22: 485–501.

Keller A.D. and Maniatis T., 1991. Identification and characterization of a novel repressor of [3-interferon gene expression. Genes Dev. 5: 868–879.

Kim K.C., Geng L., and Huang S., 2003. Inactivation of a histone methyltransferase by mutations in human cancers. Cancer Res. 63: 7619–7623.

Kitamura D. and Rajewsky K., 1992. Targeted disruption of p chain m?embrane exon causes loss of heavy-chain allelic exclusion. Nature 556: 154–156.

Kosak S.T., Skok J.A., Medina K.L., Riblet R., Le Beau M.M., Fisher A.G., and Singh H., 2002. Subnuclear compartmentalization of immunoglobulin loci during lymphocyte development. Science 296: 158–162.

Kovanen P.E. and Leonard W.J., 2004. Cytokines and immunodeficiency diseases: Critical roles of the ?_c-dependent cytokines interleukins 2, 4,7,9,15, and 21, and their signaling pathways. Immunol. Rev., 202: 67–83.

Krangel M.S., 2003. Gene segment selection in V(D)J recombination: Accessibility and beyond. Nat. Immunol. 4: 624–630.

Kraus M., Alimzhanov M.B., Rajewsky N., and Rajewsky K., 2004. Survival of resting mature B lymphocytes depends on BCR signaling via the Iga/p heterodimer. Cell 117: 787–800.

Lee A.I., Fugmann S.D., Cowell L.G., Ptaszek L.M., Kelsoe G., and Schatz D.G., 2003. A functional analysis of the spacer of V(D)J recombination signal sequences. PLoS Biol. 1: 56–69.

Liang H.E., Hsu L.Y., Cado D., and Schlissel M.S., 2004. Variegated transcriptional activation of the immunoglobulin k locus in pre-B cells contnbutes to the allelic exclusion of light-chain expression. Cell 118: 19–29.

Linderson Y., Eberhard D., Malin S., Johansson A., Busslinger M., and Pettersson S., 2004. Corecruitment of the Grg4 repressor by PU.l is critical for Pax5-mediated repression of B-cell-specific genes. EMBO Rep. 5: 291–296.

Maier H., Colbert J., Fitzsimmons D., Clark D.R., and Hagman J., 2003. Activation of the early B-cell-specific mb-1 (Ig-a) gene by Pax-5 is dependent on an unmethylated fits binding site. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23: 1946–1960.

Maier H., Ostraat R., Gao H., Fields S., Shinton S.A., Medina K.L., Ikawa T., Murre C., Singh H., Hardy R.R., and Hagman J., 2004. Early B cell factor cooperates with Runx 1 and mediates epigenetic changes associated with mb-1 transcription. Nat. Immunol. 5: 1069–1077.

Massari M.E., Grant P.A., Pray-Grant M.G., Berger S.L., Workman J.L., and Murre C., 1999. A conserved motif present in a class of helix-loop-helix proteins activates transcription by direct recruitment of the SAGA complex. Mol. Cell. 4: 63–73.

McBlane F. and Boyes J., 2000. StimulationofV(D)J recombination by histone acetylation. Curr. Biol. 10: 483–486.

McMurry M.T. and Krangel M.S., 2000. A role for histone acetylation in the developmental regulation of V(D)J recombination. Science 287: 495–498.

Medina K.L., Pongubala J.M., Reddy K.L., Lancki D.W., DeKoter R., Kieslinger M., Grosschedl R., and Singh H., 2004. Assembling a gene regulatory network for specification of the B cell fate. Dev. Cell 7: 607–617.

Mikkola I., Heavey B., Horcher M., and Busslinger M., 2002. Reversion of B cell commitment upon loss of Pax5 expression. Science 297: 110–113.

Mito Y., Henikoff J.G., and Henikoff S., 2005. Genome-scale profiling of histone H3.3 replacement patterns. Nat Genet. 37: 1090–1097.

Miyamoto T., Iwasaki H., Reizis B., Ye M., Graf T., Weissman I.L., and Akashi K., 2002. Myeloid or lymphoid promiscuity as a critical step in hematopoietic lineage commitment. Dev. Cell 3: 137–147.

Morshead K.B., Ciccone D.N., Taverna S.D., Allis C.D., and Oettinger M.A., 2003. Antigen receptor loci poised for V(D)J rearrangement are broadly associated with BRG1 and flanked by peaks of histone H3 dimethylated at lysine 4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 11577-11582.

Mostoslavsky R., Singh N., Kirillov A., Pelanda R., Cedar H., Chess A., and Bergman Y., 1998. K chain monoallelic demethylation and the establishment of allelic exclusion. Genes Dev. 12: 1801–1811.

Mostoslavsky R., Singh N., Tenzen T., Goldmit M., Gabay C, Elizur S., Qi P., ReubinoffB.E., Chess A., Cedar H., and Bergman Y., 2001. Asynchronous replication and allelic exclusion in the immune system. Nature 414: 221–225.

Niu H., Ye B.H., and Dalla-Favera R., 1998. Antigen receptor signaling induces MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of the BCL-6 transcription factor. Genes Dev. 12: 1953–1961.

Nutt S.L., Heavey B., Rolink A.G., and Busslinger M., 1999. Commitment to the B-lymphoid lineage depends on the transcription factor Pax5 Nature 401: 556–562.

Nutt S.L., Urbanek P., Rolink A., and Busslinger M., 1997. Essential functions of Pax5 (BSAP) in pro-B cell development: Difference between fetal and adult B lymphopoiesis and reduced V-to-DJ recombination at the IgH locus. Genes Dev. 11: 476–491.

Orphanides G. and Reinberg D., 2000. RNA polymerase II elongation through chromatin. Nature 407: 471–475.

Osipovich O., Milley R., Meade A., Tachibana M., Shinkai Y., Krangel M.S., and Oltz E.M., 2004. Targeted inhibition ofV(D) J recombination by a histone methyltransferase. Nat. Immunol. 5: 309–316.

Peters A.H., O’Carroll D., Scherthan H., Mechtler K., Sauer S., Schufer C., Weipoltshammer K., Pagani M., Lachner M., Kohlmaier A., et al., 2001. Loss of the Suv39h histone methyltransferases impairs mammalian heterochromatin and genome stability. Cell 107: 323–337.

Rajewsky K., 1996. Clonal selection and learning in the antibody system. Nature 381: 751–758.

Reimold A.M., Iwakoshi N.N., Manis J., Vallabhajosyula P., Szomolanyl-Tsuda E., Gravallese E.M., Friend D., Grusby M.J., Alt R, and Glimcher L.H., 2001. Plasma cell differentiation requires the transcription factor XBP-1. Nature 412: 300–307.

Ren B., Chee K.J., Kim T.H., and Maniatis T., 1999. PRDI-BF1/ Blimp-1 repression is mediated by corepressors of the Groucho family of proteins. Genes Dev. 13: 125–137.

Ringrose L. and Paro R., 2004. Epigenetic regulation of cellular memory by the Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins. Annu. Rev. Genet. 38: 413–443.

Roldan E., Fuxa M., Chong W., Martinez D., Novatchkova M., Busslinger M., and Skok J.A., 2005. Locus ‘decontraction’ and centromeric recruitment contribute to allelic exclusion of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene. Nat. Immunol. 6: 31–41.

Romanow W.J., Langerak A.W., Goebel P., Wolvers-Tettero I.L.M., van Dongen J.J.M., Feeney A.J., and Murre C., 2000. E2A and EBF act in synergy with the V(D)J recombinase to generate a diverse immunoglobulin repertoire in nonlymphoid cells. Mol. Cell 5: 343–353.

Sato H., Saito-Ohara R, Inazawa J., and Kudo A., 2004. Pax-5 is essential for k sterile transcription during Ig? chain gene rearrangement. J. Immunol. 172: 4858–4865.

Schlissel M.S., Durum S.D., and Muegge K., 2000. The interleukin 7 receptor is required for T cell receptor y locus accessibility to the V(D)J recombinase. J. Exp. Med., 191: 1045–1050.

Seet C.S., Brumbaugh R.L., and Kee B.L., 2004. Early B cell factor promotes B lymphopoiesis with reduced interleukin 7 responsiveness in the absence of E2A. J. Exp. Med., 199: 1689–1700.

Shaffer A.L., YuX., He Y., Boldrick J., Chan E.P., and Staudt L.M., 2000. BCL-6 represses genes that function in lymphocyte differentiation, inflammation and cell cycle control. Immunity 13: 199–212.

Shaffer A.L., Lin K.I., Kuo T.C., Yu X., Hurt E.M., Rosenwald A., Giltnane J.M., Yang L., Zhao H., Calame K., and Staudt L.M., 2002. Blimp-1 orchestrates plasma cell differentiation by extinguishing the mature B cell gene expression program. Immunity 17: 51–62.

Shaffer A.L., Shapiro-Shelef M., Iwakoshi N.N., Lee A.-H., Qian S.B., Zhao H., Yu X., Yang L., Tan B.K., Rosenwald A., et al., 2004. XBP1, downstream of Blimp-1, expands the secretory apparatus and other organelles, and increases protein synthesis in plasma cell differentiation. Immunity 21: 81–93.

Skok J.A., Brown K.E., Azuara V., Caparros M.L., Baxter J., Takacs K., Dillon N., Gray D., Perry R.P., Merkenschlager M., and Fisher A.G., 2001. Nonequivalent nuclear location of immunoglobulin alleles in B lymphocytes. Nat. Immunol. 2: 848–854.

Smale S.T., 2003. The establishment and maintenance of lymphocyte identity through gene silencing. Nat Immunol. 4: 607–615.

Stanhope-Baker P., Hudson KM., Shaffer A.L., Constantinescu A., and Schlissel M.S., 1996. Cell type-specific chromatin structure determines the targeting of V(D)J recombinase activity in vitro. Cell 85: 887–897.

Su I.H., Basavaraj A., KrutchinskyA.N., Hobert O., Ullrich A., Chait B.T., and Tarakhovsky A., 2003. Ezh2 controls B cell development through histone H3 methylation and Igh rearrangement. Nat. Immunol. 4: 124–131.

Su I.H., Dobenecker M.W., Dickinson E., Osier M., Basavaraj A., Marqueron R., Viale A., Reinberg D., Wiilfing C., and Tarakhovsky A., 2005. Polycomb group protein Ezh2 controls actin polymerization and cell signaling. Cell 121: 425–436.

Tachibana M., Sugimoto K., Nozaki M., Ueda J., Ohta T., Ohki M., Fukuda M., Takeda N., Niida H., Kato H., and Shinkai Y., 2002. G9a histone methyltransferase plays a dominant role in euchromatic histone H3 lysine 9 methylation and is essential for early embryogenesis. Genes Dev. 16: 1779–1791.

Turner C.A.J., Mack D.H., and Davis M.M., 1994. Blimp-1, a novel zinc finger-containing protein that can drive the maturation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulin-secreting cells. Cell 77: 297–306.

Vosshenrich C.A.J., Cumano A., Muller W., Di Santo J.P., and Vieira P., 2003. Thymic stroma-derived lymphopoietin distinguishes fetal from adult B cell development. Nat. Immunol. 4: 773–779.

Waskow C, Paul S., Haller C, Gassmann M., and Rodewald H., 2002. Viable c-Kit^w/w mutants reveal pivotal role for c-Kit in the maintenance of lymphopoiesis. Immunity 17: 277–288.

West K.L., Singha N.C., De Ioannes P., Lacomis L., Erdjument-Bromage H., Tempst P., and Cortes P., 2005. A direct interaction between the RAG2 C terminus and the core histones is required for efficient V(D)J recombination. Immunity 23: 203–212.

Xie H., Ye M., Feng R., and Graf T., 2004. Stepwise reprogramming of B cells into macrophages. Cell 117: 663–676.

Yancopoulos G.D. and Alt F.W., 1985. Developmentally controlled and tissue-specific expression of unrearranged V_H gene segments. Cell 40: 271–281.

Ye B.H., Cattoretti C., Shen Q., Zhang J., Hawe N., de Waard R., Leung C., Nouri-Shirazi M., Orazi A., Chaganti R.S.K., et al., 1997. The BCL — 6 proto-oncogene controls germinal-centre formation and Th2-type inflammation. Nature Genet. 16: 161–170.

Zhang S., Fukuda S., Lee Y., Hangoc G., Cooper S., Spolski R., Leonard W.J., and Broxmeyer H.E., 2000. Essential role of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 5a but not Stat5b for Flt3-dependent signaling. J. Exp. Med., 192: 719–728.